Cybersecurity & privacy

What is phishing?

KKahu team·Updated 2 Oct 2026·5 min read

Illustration for the KahuLogic guide: What is phishing?
Quick answer

Phishing is a scam where someone pretends to be a trusted organisation or person to trick you into clicking a link, opening a file, sharing a password or paying money. It arrives by email, text message, phone call or social media. The best defence is to slow down and check through a channel you already trust.

How phishing works

A phishing message copies someone you would normally trust, such as your bank, a courier, a supplier, Microsoft, Google or even your own boss. It creates a reason to act quickly: an unpaid invoice, a locked account, a parcel that cannot be delivered. The link leads to a fake login page or a harmful download, and whatever you type goes straight to the scammer.

Common types

  • Email phishing: fake invoices, delivery notices and password resets.
  • Smishing: the same tricks by text message.
  • Vishing: phone calls pretending to be a bank or a support team.
  • Business email compromise: a message that seems to come from a supplier or manager asking to change bank details or make an urgent payment.

Warning signs

  • Urgency or threats: act now or lose access.
  • A sender address or link that is close to the real one, but not quite.
  • A request for a password, a code or a payment.
  • Unexpected attachments or shared files.
  • A change to bank details, especially by email.
The habit that stops most phishingDo not use the link. Go to the site or call the number you already know.

If you clicked

  1. 1Change the passwordChange it on the real site, and anywhere else you used the same password.
  2. 2Turn on two-factor authenticationSo a stolen password alone is not enough to get in.
  3. 3Call your bankIf you shared card or bank details or made a payment, call immediately.
  4. 4Report itTell your IT contact or email provider, and report it to your country’s cyber security agency.
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Frequently asked questions

Can I get hacked just by opening a phishing email?

Opening it is rarely enough on its own. The risk comes from clicking links, opening attachments or replying with information.

How do I check if an email is real?

Do not use anything in the message. Log in through the website or app you normally use, or call the organisation on a number you already have.

How do I protect my team?

Turn on two-factor authentication everywhere, agree that bank detail changes are always confirmed by phone, and make it easy and blame-free to report a suspicious message.

Further reading

  1. CISA: Recognize and report phishingcisa.gov
  2. NCSC: Phishing scamsncsc.gov.uk
  3. Own Your Online (CERT NZ)ownyouronline.govt.nz